{"id":3258,"date":"2018-11-02T08:00:18","date_gmt":"2018-11-02T07:00:18","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/valdesina.it\/?p=3258"},"modified":"2018-11-01T17:00:41","modified_gmt":"2018-11-01T16:00:41","slug":"patenti-di-grazia-pinerolo","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/valdesina.it\/en\/2018\/11\/02\/patenti-di-grazia-pinerolo\/","title":{"rendered":"Letters of Pardon \u2013 Pinerolo"},"content":{"rendered":"

Today I\u2019m in Pinerolo to tell you another piece of the history of Waldensians, a history that in 1655 became an international affair.<\/p>\n

During the spring of 1655 the Savoy, who ruled on the valleys around Torino, ordered a harsh repression on the Waldensians, who got massacred, obliged to convert and forced to leave their homeland. At the end of the hostilities of this period, known as Piedmontese Easters, the Duke of Savoy published a list of bandits which comprehended Giosu\u00e8 Gianavello, who led the resistance in Ror\u00e0<\/a> during the repressions, and the Waldensian Moderator, Jean L\u00e9ger, both considered treacherous rebels.<\/p>\n

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Document with which Giosu\u00e8 Gianavello is banned for the first time<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

 <\/p>\n

In april, Jean L\u00e9ger left the Waldensian valleys and went to Paris, from where he wrote a series of letters to the international powers of the time to tell everybody what was happening to the Waldensian people and to ask for support.
\nThe first one who got moved by the fate of Waldensians was Oliver Cromwell, Lord Protector of the Commonwealth of England, Scotland, and Ireland. His Secretary for Foreign Affairs, the great poet John Milton, sent in his turn a series of letters to European kings and governments. The one sent to the king of France, Louis XIV, was of particular importance: in that letter Cromwell threatened him to break every peace and friendship talk if he hadn\u2019t acted in order to convince the Savoy to give more freedom to the Waldensians.<\/p>\n

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The Swiss cantons got into the affair, too, and sent a letter to Carlo Emanuele II to ask him to be more benevolent with the Waldensians. All this international pressure brought to the opening of negotiations carried by a French ambassador, who wanted to receive the approval of Cromwell, with the delegations of Savoy and Waldensians, which was led by L\u00e9ger. The talks got to an end on the 18th of August 1655, when the Letters of Pardon were signed. In this document, the Duke of Savoy recognised to the Waldensians the freedom of worship and the right to live inside the borders defined in the past. Furthermore, the Duke forgave the Waldensians and granted the liberation of the prisoners.<\/p>\n

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But there was a clause that was signed only by the French ambassador and by the Savoy delegation: it concerned the building of a fortress in Val Pellice in order to assure the compliance with the treaty. This decision hardly displeased the Waldensians, but the objection were worthless: a few days after the signing, the construction of the Santa Maria Fortress<\/a> in Torre Pellice began.<\/p>\n

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Santa Maria Fortress, Torre Pellice. Drawing made in 1663 by Simone Formento and inserted in Theatrum Sabaudiae, Vol I, tav. 51 \u2013 private collection<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Given these premises, it\u2019s easy to figure out why this peace wasn\u2019t observed and why the hostilites between the Savoy and the Waldensians restarted in a short time with the guerrilla warfare by Gianavello and his men, marking the beginning of the War of the Bandits<\/a>.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Today I\u2019m in Pinerolo to tell you another piece of the history of Waldensians, a history that in 1655 became an international affair. During the spring of 1655 the Savoy, who ruled on the valleys around Torino, ordered a harsh repression on the Waldensians, who got massacred, obliged to convert and forced to leave their […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":3255,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[842,287,507,818,248,251,31,252,68,408],"tema":[],"area":[],"class_list":["post-3258","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-senza-categoria-en","tag-carlo-emaniele-ii","tag-giosue-gianavello","tag-pasque-piemontesi","tag-savoy","tag-storia-valdese-en","tag-valdesi-en","tag-valdesina","tag-valli-valdesi-en","tag-waldensian-history","tag-waldensian-valleys"],"acf":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/valdesina.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/pinerolo_cover.jpg","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/valdesina.it\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3258","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/valdesina.it\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/valdesina.it\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/valdesina.it\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/valdesina.it\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3258"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/valdesina.it\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3258\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3261,"href":"https:\/\/valdesina.it\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3258\/revisions\/3261"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/valdesina.it\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3255"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/valdesina.it\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3258"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/valdesina.it\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3258"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/valdesina.it\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3258"},{"taxonomy":"tema","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/valdesina.it\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tema?post=3258"},{"taxonomy":"area","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/valdesina.it\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/area?post=3258"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}